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Arsenic in rice and other foods: what regulators say and what you can do.

Updated

Why rice contains arsenic, the difference between inorganic and organic arsenic, the FDA’s 100 ppb limit for infant rice cereal, EFSA’s 2024 risk assessment, practical steps from the FDA, and the rice products in our catalog. The catalog holds no arsenic test data.

Quick answer

Arsenic occurs naturally in soil and water, and rice takes it up from irrigation water, so it is found in rice and rice products. The inorganic form is the harmful one; the FDA says it is more dangerous than the organic form found, for example, in seafood. The FDA has set one numeric limit for a food: 100 parts per billion of inorganic arsenic in infant rice cereal (August 2020). The FDA’s advice is to eat a variety of nutrient-dense foods, which limits exposure to any one food. This site reads ingredient labels and has no arsenic measurements for any product.

Harmful form
Inorganic arsenic
FDA infant rice cereal limit
100 ppb, Aug 2020
EFSA update
Jan 18, 2024
Catalog arsenic data
None

01 · A closer look

Why rice contains arsenic.

Arsenic is a naturally occurring element that is also released by industry and mining. The WHO says crops such as rice take up arsenic from irrigation water, and that fish, shellfish, meat, poultry, dairy products and cereals can also be dietary sources. Arsenic exposure from drinking water and food over the long term can cause cancer and skin lesions, according to the WHO.

WHO: arsenic fact sheet (Dec 7, 2022)

02 · A closer look

Inorganic versus organic arsenic.

The forms differ in toxicity. The WHO describes inorganic arsenic as highly toxic and organic compounds, such as those found in seafood, as less harmful. The FDA says current research indicates inorganic arsenic is more dangerous than organic arsenic, and that it is monitoring research on two organic forms, DMA and MMA, which may also be a health concern. A lab result for “total arsenic” therefore does not say how much of the harmful form is present.

FDA: arsenic in food (content current as of Mar 5, 2024)

03 · A closer look

What the FDA has set for rice.

The FDA’s one numeric limit tied to rice is an action level of 100 micrograms per kilogram (100 parts per billion) of inorganic arsenic in infant rice cereal, issued in final guidance in August 2020. The FDA’s own arsenic page also lists rice sampling results it posted in 2013, 2016 and 2020 and a risk assessment of arsenic in rice and rice products that includes a quantitative estimate of lung and bladder cancer risk from long-term exposure. There is no US federal limit for arsenic in other rice foods.

FDA: guidance for industry, action level for inorganic arsenic in infant rice cereals (constituent update, Aug 5, 2020)

04 · A closer look

What EFSA concluded in 2024.

EFSA’s 2024 update of its inorganic arsenic assessment set a reference point of 0.06 micrograms per kilogram of body weight per day, based on skin cancer data. It lists rice and rice-based products, grains and grain-based products, and drinking water among the main contributors to dietary exposure, and it notes that infant and young-child cereal foods contribute notably for young children. EFSA concluded that margins of exposure for adults are low and raise a health concern, while stating that children are covered by the same characterization. The assessment covers the whole diet and water, not rice alone, and it does not rank individual brands.

EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain: update of the risk assessment of inorganic arsenic in food, EFSA Journal 22(1):e8488 (Jan 18, 2024)

05 · A closer look

What the FDA advises.

The FDA advises eating a variety of nutrient-dense foods across and within the main food groups, which supports nutrition and limits exposure to a contaminant from any single food. For infants, its 2020 update says iron-fortified infant rice cereal is a good source of nutrients, that oat, barley and multigrain iron-fortified infant cereals can be a first or early cereal, and that pregnant women are advised to eat a variety of grains.

FDA: guidance for industry, action level for inorganic arsenic in infant rice cereals (constituent update, Aug 5, 2020)

06 · A closer look

What this site can and cannot tell you.

CleanFoodScore records ingredient statements. It has no arsenic test results, so nothing here ranks rice products by arsenic. The products below list rice as an ingredient, one or two per shelf, so you can see where rice appears; open any product for its full label and verification date. Contaminant levels vary by crop, region and lot, and only lot-level laboratory data can show them.

The short answer

Our picks for arsenic in rice and food

Top of the shelfJovial Organic Gluten-Free Brown Rice Fusilli Single Serving, Mary’s Gone Crackers Original Crackers, and YumEarth Halloween Organic Lollipops each score 100/100. 6 products tie at 100; these 3 have the shortest labels. Use Compare by in the table to separate the rest.

Also strongBeanVIVO Organic Coconut Curry Chickpeas (100), Dave's Killer Bread 21 Whole Grains and Seeds (100), and Nature's Path Organic Sunrise Crunchy Vanilla Gluten-Free Cereal (100).

Clear noPartake Foods Crunchy Ginger Snap (lists seed oils), Pipcorn Chili Cheese Corn Dippers (lists seed oils), and Catalina Crunch Parmesan Garlic Snack Mix (lists seed oils).

Ranked from 20 of 20 products with current labels. Every product is in the table below; a score reflects labels and claims, not nutrition, allergies or safety.

Compare the recorded labels

Find the ingredients that matter to you.

20 of 20 products

“No …” columns: None found on the label · Listed on the label · Unknown. Diet fit: Fits · Doesn’t fit · Unknown (rules; not medical advice). Claims: verified · not established. Default: most check marks first; not a health score.

Compare product claims and recorded ingredients. Click a column heading to sort.
Buy
100 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · organicBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →5
100 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · organicBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →5
100 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · organicFind where to buy ↗Product details →5
100 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · organicBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →5
100 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · organicFind where to buy ↗Product details →5
100 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · organicFind where to buy ↗Product details →5
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
63 / 1008 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →3
63 / 1008 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →3
63 / 1008 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →3
How the clean score works

No setup needed, and strict: a full 100 needs every additive group clear and a verified organic claim (animal foods also need a verified grass-fed or pasture-raised claim; wild seafood and salt, which have no USDA organic standard, are scored without the organic points, and plant-based milks, cheeses and proteins without the feeding claim). Points: the nine additive groups (seed oils, artificial dyes, MSG, artificial sweeteners, carrageenan, artificial preservatives, hydrogenated oils, corn syrups, banned-abroad additives) share 60 points equally — not found earns a group’s full share, “may contain” earns half, listed earns 0; a verified organic claim is worth 25; a verified grass-fed or pasture-raised claim is worth 15 and counts only for animal foods. No claim, or an expired or unverified claim, earns nothing, so products without those claims cannot reach 100. Unverified or expired ingredient labels receive no score. Equal scores are equal. Ties are ordered by brand. Unknown and stale evidence never passes “Only show matches.” Producer claims and prices do not affect this score. This is not a nutrition, allergy, or safety rating.

As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Buying links do not influence ingredient results. “Buy on Amazon” opens a reviewed product listing; “Find where to buy” opens the maker’s page. Confirm the package, seller, stock, and current price before checkout. Price observations expire after 30 days.

Primary sources

Sources

  1. FDA: arsenic in food (content current as of Mar 5, 2024) fda.gov
  2. FDA: guidance for industry, action level for inorganic arsenic in infant rice cereals (constituent update, Aug 5, 2020) fda.gov
  3. FDA: arsenic in rice and rice products risk assessment (content current as of Aug 5, 2020) fda.gov
  4. WHO: arsenic fact sheet (Dec 7, 2022) who.int
  5. EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain: update of the risk assessment of inorganic arsenic in food, EFSA Journal 22(1):e8488 (Jan 18, 2024) pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov