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What is Blue 40 dye? It is Blue 1 (Brilliant Blue FCF), the blue version of Red 40.

Updated

Blue 40 is not a real food dye. It is Blue 1 (FD&C Blue No. 1, Brilliant Blue FCF, E133): what it is made of, the blue version of Red 40, its FDA status, and real products whose labels list it.

Quick answer

Blue 40 is not a real food dye: the FDA has never listed a color called Blue No. 40, and the EU has none either. People who say “Blue 40” almost always mean FD&C Blue No. 1 (Brilliant Blue FCF, E133), the bright blue synthetic dye that sits next to Red 40 on candy and sports-drink labels. The only other certified blue is Blue 2 (Indigo Carmine, E132). Both are among the six petroleum-based dyes the FDA wants out of US food by the end of 2027.

Real name
FD&C Blue No. 1 (Blue 1)
Also called
Brilliant Blue FCF, E133
The other blue
Blue 2, Indigo Carmine, E132
In our catalog
76 current labels name Blue 1

01 · A closer look

Is Blue 40 a thing?

No. The federal list of certified (synthetic) colors for food, 21 CFR Part 74 Subpart A, has eight entries: FD&C Blue No. 1, Blue No. 2, Green No. 3, Red No. 3, Red No. 40, Yellow No. 5, Yellow No. 6 and Citrus Red No. 2. There is no Blue No. 40. (A ninth, Orange B, was revoked in July 2026, and Red 3 must be out of food by January 15, 2027.) The number is a listing number, not a shade or strength, so Red 40 does not imply a matching Blue 40. A package, menu, recipe or video that says “Blue 40” is almost always describing Blue 1.

21 CFR Part 74, Subpart A: certified color additives listed for food (eCFR, as of Oct 1, 2026)

02 · A closer look

Is there a blue version of Red 40?

The closest match is Blue 1. Both are FD&C certified colors that the FDA calls petroleum-based, both are on its list of six dyes it wants removed from food by the end of 2027, and they usually share an ingredient list (purple and green candy are blends). They are different chemicals, though: Red 40 is an azo dye, Blue 1 a triarylmethane dye, and only Red 40 needs the EU’s children’s activity warning.

Blue 1 compared with Red 40 and Blue 2
Blue 1Red 40Blue 2
Official nameBrilliant Blue FCFAllura Red ACIndigo Carmine (Indigotine)
EU codeE133E129E132
ShadeBright turquoise blueOrange-redDeep navy, slightly purple
Dye familyTriarylmethaneAzoIndigoid (made from indigo)
EU intake limit (ADI)6 mg/kg body weight a day (EFSA 2010)7 mg/kg body weight a day (EFSA 2009)5 mg/kg body weight a day (EFSA 2014)
EU children’s warning labelNoYesNo
On the FDA’s 2027 removal listYesYesYes
FDA: tracking food industry pledges to remove petroleum-based food dyes

03 · A closer look

What is Blue 40 made of?

Blue 40 does not exist, so the real question is what Blue 1 is made of. Federal rules define FD&C Blue No. 1 as principally the disodium salt of a synthetic sulfonated dye (chemically, a triarylmethane), with limits on lead, arsenic, chromium and manganese, and every batch must be certified by the FDA before it can be sold. It contains no plant or animal ingredients. Blue 2 is made differently: synthetic indigo, produced from aniline and formaldehyde, is heated with sulfuric acid, then purified. “Lake” forms such as Blue 1 Lake are the same dyes bound to aluminum so they do not bleed in candy shells, coatings and seasoning dust. Blue 1 is often blended with Yellow 5 to make green.

21 CFR 74.101: FD&C Blue No. 1 (eCFR)

04 · A closer look

Blue dye names on an ingredient list.

Under FDA labeling rules a certified color must be named, usually in short form such as “Blue 1” or “Blue 1 Lake”, so a blue dye cannot hide behind “artificial color” on a US label. The exception is butter, cheese and ice cream, where added colors (other than Yellow 5) do not have to be declared at all. This checker matches every one of these names on every label it reads.

How blue dyes appear on labels
Label wordingWhat it means
Blue 1, Blue 1 LakeBrilliant Blue FCF; the Lake form is bound to aluminum for coatings and candy shells
FD&C Blue No. 1The full US name of Blue 1
Brilliant Blue FCF, E133The common name and EU/UK code for Blue 1, seen on imported foods
Blue 2, FD&C Blue No. 2Indigo Carmine, a darker, purplish blue
Indigotine, E132Other names for Blue 2
Artificial color, color added (no name)On a US label this should be a color exempt from certification, not Blue 1 or Blue 2; ice cream may list no colors at all
21 CFR 101.22(k): how colorings must be declared on food labels (eCFR)

05 · A closer look

Foods that commonly contain Blue 1.

The FDA lists confections, beverages, cereals, frozen dairy desserts, popsicles, frostings and icings as typical uses of Blue 1, and baked goods, cereals, snack foods, ice cream, confections and yogurt for Blue 2. In our catalog candy is the most common shelf for both (counts below). The products below are not a guess: their current label names a blue dye.

FDA: color additives and ingredient labels

06 · A closer look

Is Blue 1 safe, banned or being phased out?

Blue 1 is approved by the FDA and in the EU. EFSA’s 2010 re-evaluation lowered its acceptable daily intake to 6 mg per kg of body weight. Its refined intake estimates at the maximum reported use levels were below that limit, though a less refined estimate put high-consuming children (the 95th percentile) above it. There is no federal ban: in April 2025 HHS and the FDA asked industry to stop using Blue 1 and five other petroleum-based dyes, and the FDA’s pledge tracker now targets the end of 2027. States go further: West Virginia barred Blue 1 from school meals from August 1, 2025 and treats food containing it as adulterated from January 1, 2028, and California’s School Food Safety Act (AB 2316) bars it from public school food from December 31, 2027. This is a label guide, not medical advice.

EFSA ANS Panel: re-evaluation of Brilliant Blue FCF (E 133) as a food additive, EFSA Journal (2010)

07 · A closer look

How to avoid blue dye.

Read the ingredient list for the names above, choose USDA Organic (synthetic dyes are not allowed), or pick foods colored with spirulina extract or butterfly pea flower extract, color additives that are exempt from certification and are not flagged as artificial dyes. The FDA has also approved gardenia blue and Galdieria extract blue as plant- and algae-based replacements. The table at the end lists products whose current label names no artificial dye.

From the catalog · 12 labels

Blue 1 and Blue 2 in our catalog

Of the 4,729 products whose full ingredient list we have read in the last 90 days, 76 (from 60 brands) name Blue 1 and 15 name Blue 2. Blue 1 rarely appears alone: 69 of those 76 labels also list Red 40. Below are up to 12 of them, one per brand; open a product to see the full label and the date we read it.

Blue dyes on current labels in the CleanFoodScore catalog (counted at the last site build)
Labels
Current, complete labels checked4,729
Name Blue 1 (Brilliant Blue FCF)76 (1.6%)
Name Blue 2 (Indigo Carmine)15 (0.3%)
Blue 1 labels that also list Red 4069 of 76
Blue 1 labels that also list Yellow 561 of 76
Blue 1 labels using Blue 1 Lake13 of 76
Blue 1 labels on the Candy & gummies shelf36
Blue 1 labels on the Cookies shelf9
Blue 1 labels on the Fruit snacks & pouches shelf5
Blue 1 labels on the Cereal shelf4
Blue 1 labels on the Chips & crisps shelf3

The short answer

Our picks for what is blue 40?

WinnersJovial Organic Einkorn All-Purpose Flour, Jovial Organic Einkorn Whole Wheat Flour, and Otto's Naturals Organic Cassava Flour each score 100/100. They tie, so choose on the exact flavor or format you want.

Runners-upOtto's Naturals Cassava Flour (Certified Non-GMO) (71), Terrasoul Superfoods Arrowroot Flour (71), and Terrasoul Superfoods Cacao Butter Wafers (71).

Clear noKodiak Cakes Homestyle Power Waffles (lists seed oils).

Ranked from 24 of 24 products with current labels. Every product is in the table below; a score reflects labels and claims, not nutrition, allergies or safety.

Compare the recorded labels

Find the ingredients that matter to you.

24 of 24 products

“No …” columns: None found on the label · Listed on the label · Unknown. Diet fit: Fits · Doesn’t fit · Unknown (rules; not medical advice). Claims: verified · not established. Default: most check marks first; not a health score.

Compare product claims and recorded ingredients. Click a column heading to sort.
Buy
100 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · organicBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →5
100 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · organicBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →5
100 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · organicBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →5
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
71 / 1009 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimFind where to buy ↗Product details →4
63 / 1008 of 9 groups clear · no organic claimBuy on Amazon ↗Product details →3
How the clean score works

No setup needed, and strict: a full 100 needs every additive group clear and a verified organic claim (animal foods also need a verified grass-fed or pasture-raised claim; wild seafood and salt, which have no USDA organic standard, are scored without the organic points, and plant-based milks, cheeses and proteins without the feeding claim). Points: the nine additive groups (seed oils, artificial dyes, MSG, artificial sweeteners, carrageenan, artificial preservatives, hydrogenated oils, corn syrups, banned-abroad additives) share 60 points equally — not found earns a group’s full share, “may contain” earns half, listed earns 0; a verified organic claim is worth 25; a verified grass-fed or pasture-raised claim is worth 15 and counts only for animal foods. No claim, or an expired or unverified claim, earns nothing, so products without those claims cannot reach 100. Unverified or expired ingredient labels receive no score. Equal scores are equal. Ties are ordered by brand. Unknown and stale evidence never passes “Only show matches.” Producer claims and prices do not affect this score. This is not a nutrition, allergy, or safety rating.

As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Buying links do not influence ingredient results. “Buy on Amazon” opens a reviewed product listing; “Find where to buy” opens the maker’s page. Confirm the package, seller, stock, and current price before checkout. Price observations expire after 30 days.

Primary sources

Sources

  1. 21 CFR Part 74, Subpart A: certified color additives listed for food (eCFR, as of Oct 1, 2026) ecfr.gov
  2. 21 CFR 74.101: FD&C Blue No. 1 (eCFR) ecfr.gov
  3. 21 CFR 74.102: FD&C Blue No. 2 (eCFR) ecfr.gov
  4. 21 CFR 101.22(k): how colorings must be declared on food labels (eCFR) ecfr.gov
  5. FDA: color additives and ingredient labels fda.gov
  6. FDA: tracking food industry pledges to remove petroleum-based food dyes fda.gov
  7. FDA: further steps to remove outdated color additive authorizations (Orange B revoked, July 22, 2026) fda.gov
  8. EFSA ANS Panel: re-evaluation of Brilliant Blue FCF (E 133) as a food additive, EFSA Journal (2010) doi.org
  9. EFSA ANS Panel: re-evaluation of Allura Red AC (E 129) as a food additive, EFSA Journal (2009) doi.org
  10. EFSA ANS Panel: re-evaluation of Indigo Carmine (E 132) as a food additive, EFSA Journal (2014) doi.org
  11. West Virginia Legislature: House Bill 2354 (2025), enrolled text wvlegislature.gov
  12. Assemblymember Jesse Gabriel: Governor signs the California School Food Safety Act, AB 2316 (Sept 28, 2024) a46.asmdc.org